Implement Molodensky-Badekas transform (fixes OSGeo#1160)

docs/source/operations/transformations/index.rst

@@ -16,5 +16,6 @@ systems are based on different datums.
    helmert
    horner
    molodensky
+   molobadekas
    hgridshift
    vgridshift

docs/source/operations/transformations/molobadekas.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+.. _molobadekas:
+
+================================================================================
+Molodensky-Badekas transform
+================================================================================
+
+.. versionadded:: 6.0.0
+
+The Molodensky-Badekas transformation changes coordinates from one reference frame to
+another by means of a 10-parameter shift.
+
+.. note::
+
+    It should not be confused with the :ref:`Molodensky` transform which
+    operates directly in the geodetic coordinates. Molodensky-Badekas can rather
+    be seen as a variation of :ref:`Helmert`
+
++-----------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| **Alias**       | molobadekas                                                       |
++-----------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| **Domain**      | 3D                                                                |
++-----------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| **Input type**  | Cartesian coordinates                                             |
++-----------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| **Output type** | Cartesian coordinates                                             |
++-----------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+The Molodensky-Badekas transformation is a variation of the :ref:`Helmert` where
+the rotational terms are not directly applied to the ECEF coordinates, but on
+cartesian coordinates relative to a reference point (usually close to Earth surface,
+and to the area of use of the transformation). When ``px`` = ``py`` = ``pz`` = 0,
+this is equivalent to a 7-parameter Helmert transformation.
+
+Example
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+Transforming coordinates from La Canoa to REGVEN:
+
+::
+
+    proj=molobadekas convention=coordinate_frame
+           x=-270.933 y=115.599 z=-360.226 rx=-5.266 ry=-1.238 rz=2.381
+           s=-5.109 px=2464351.59 py=-5783466.61 pz=974809.81
+
+
+Parameters
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+.. note::
+
+    All parameters (except convention) are optional but at least one should be
+    used, otherwise the operation will return the coordinates unchanged.
+
+.. option:: +convention=coordinate_frame/position_vector
+
+    Indicates the convention to express the rotational terms when a 3D-Helmert /
+    7-parameter more transform is involved.
+
+    The two conventions are equally popular and a frequent source of confusion.
+    The coordinate frame convention is also described as an clockwise
+    rotation of the coordinate frame. It corresponds to EPSG method code
+    1034 (in the geocentric domain) or 9636 (in the geographic domain)
+    The position vector convention is also described as an anticlockwise
+    (counter-clockwise) rotation of the coordinate frame.
+    It corresponds to as EPSG method code 1061 (in the geocentric domain) or
+    1063 (in the geographic domain).
+
+    The result obtained with parameters specified in a given convention
+    can be obtained in the other convention by negating the rotational parameters
+    (``rx``, ``ry``, ``rz``)
+
+.. option:: +x=<value>
+
+    Translation of the x-axis given in meters.
+
+.. option:: +y=<value>
+
+    Translation of the y-axis given in meters.
+
+.. option:: +z=<value>
+
+    Translation of the z-axis given in meters.
+
+.. option:: +s=<value>
+
+    Scale factor given in ppm.
+
+.. option:: +rx=<value>
+
+    X-axis rotation given arc seconds.
+
+.. option:: +ry=<value>
+
+    Y-axis rotation given in arc seconds.
+
+.. option:: +rz=<value>
+
+    Z-axis rotation given in arc seconds.
+
+.. option:: +px=<value>
+
+    Coordinate along the x-axis of the reference point given in meters.
+
+.. option:: +py=<value>
+
+    Coordinate along the y-axis of the reference point given in meters.
+
+.. option:: +pz=<value>
+
+    Coordinate along the z-axis of the reference point given in meters.
+
+Mathematical description
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+
+In the *Position Vector* convention, we define :math:`R_x = radians \left( rx \right)`,
+:math:`R_z = radians \left( ry \right)` and :math:`R_z = radians \left( rz \right)`
+
+In the *Coordinate Frame* convention, :math:`R_x = - radians \left( rx \right)`,
+:math:`R_z = - radians \left( ry \right)` and :math:`R_z = - radians \left( rz \right)`
+
+.. math::
+    :label: 10param
+
+    \begin{align}
+        \begin{bmatrix}
+            X \\
+            Y \\
+            Z \\
+        \end{bmatrix}^{output} =
+        \begin{bmatrix}
+            T_x + P_x\\
+            T_y + P_y\\
+            T_z + P_z\\
+        \end{bmatrix} +
+        \left(1 + s \times 10^{-6}\right)
+        \begin{bmatrix}
+             1  & -R_z  &  R_y \\
+             Rz &  1    & -R_x \\
+            -Ry &  R_x  &  1   \\
+        \end{bmatrix}
+        \begin{bmatrix}
+            X^{input} - P_x\\
+            Y^{input} - P_y\\
+            Z^{input} - P_z\\
+        \end{bmatrix}
+    \end{align}