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solana_deploy_invoke_program.md

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SOL合约部署调用

常见术语

  • SPL: Solana Program Library
  • PDAs: Program Derived Addresses
  • CPI: Cross-Program Invocation

BPF is a highly efficient bytecode execution environment initially developed for network packet filtering in the Linux kernel. Solana leverages BPF as the execution environment for its smart contracts

开发环境

参考 https://solana.com/developers/guides/getstarted/setup-local-development

由于 devnet 会定时删数据滚服，然后 chain_id+=1 所以用 devnet 好处是数据少 rpc 节点负担小 延迟低

solana config set --url https://api.devnet.solana.com

然后就是 devnet 基础设施多点(explorer区块浏览器也能连localhost)，主要是我可怜的笔记本内存太小了不想运行个sol全节点

就像eth不用remix这样web的IDE，sol也不用solana playground否则像我当初remix学solidity都是一键傻瓜部署运行结果连部署和调用的底层原理一点都不懂

部署合约

代码参考 https://solana.com/developers/guides/getstarted/hello-world-in-your-browser

cargo new --lib firstsol
cd firstsol
echo -e '[toolchain]\nchannel = "1.76.0"\n' > rust-toolchain.toml
cargo add solana-program

[lib]
crate-type = ["cdylib", "lib"]

$ cargo build-bpf
$ solana program deploy target/deploy/firstsol.so
Program Id: 6jL67XKqEVWPBZEmMT8AuhTP4zJefpPs48BmV3JLxncR
$ solana program show --programs
Program Id                                   | Slot      | Authority                                    | Balance
6jL67XKqEVWPBZEmMT8AuhTP4zJefpPs48BmV3JLxncR | 312032887 | 6YA5ZxLRNuYEg44xbkLPtgbu5dBQdEftcWS31kpyba4f | 0.1350588 SOL

注意 program 的私钥在 target/deploy/greeting_account-keypair.json 换开发电脑的时候记得备份 program 私钥

ts/rs调用合约

代码参考 /~https://github.com/pymongo/solana_client_example/blob/master/examples/invoke_program.rs

Borsh 序列化格式

智能合约的入参需要用 borsh 序列化格式编码

  • NEAR/SOL 智能合约的入参/指令用 borsh 格式(NEAR研发的)进行序列化
  • APT/SUI 智能合约用 move 的 bcs 格式序列化
  • borsh/bcs都是固定长编码，跟bincode2,protobuf小整数用变长编码不一样

其实solana源码还是挺多地方用了 bincode 的

合约销毁退租金

同一个合约项目种重复deploy的话不会创建新的program_id

solana program close

Program Id                                   | Slot      | Authority                                    | Balance
8xubajzX923ZXpUzbyTcXuxy9QcMbrUCosm4H6ZRtTtk | 312304419 | EsQczJECiL2QXYofUT9Cs9c6BuujdEYcmRnhuhUbFr4H | 0.33901464 SOL
GmCUexGFRgPmqYzGjvRwaP5YKLzEE1dGj7NSCcxzfZ3E | 312453867 | EsQczJECiL2QXYofUT9Cs9c6BuujdEYcmRnhuhUbFr4H | 0.52615512 SOL
DsdkMKakvJrRgZCGq3zmywyAUfG9mw1qfvPM1f7BLZh9 | 312455182 | EsQczJECiL2QXYofUT9Cs9c6BuujdEYcmRnhuhUbFr4H | 0.1350588 SOL

root@lb1:~/solana_client_example# solana program close DsdkMKakvJrRgZCGq3zmywyAUfG9mw1qfvPM1f7BLZh9 --bypass-warning

Closed Program Id DsdkMKakvJrRgZCGq3zmywyAUfG9mw1qfvPM1f7BLZh9, 0.1350588 SOL reclaimed

token account租金

USDC转账的时候，如果接收方没有开通过USDC账户，则发送方需要支付创建USDC账户的租金，如下图