fix: work around setTimeout memory leak, improve wrappers (#75727)

Backports:
- #75727

Co-authored-by: Janka Uryga <lolzatu2@gmail.com>

packages/next/src/server/web/sandbox/resource-managers.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-abstract class ResourceManager<T, K> {
+abstract class ResourceManager<T, Args> {
   private resources: T[] = []
 
-  abstract create(resourceArgs: K): T
+  abstract create(resourceArgs: Args): T
   abstract destroy(resource: T): void
 
-  add(resourceArgs: K) {
+  add(resourceArgs: Args) {
     const resource = this.create(resourceArgs)
     this.resources.push(resource)
     return resource
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class IntervalsManager extends ResourceManager<
 > {
   create(args: Parameters<typeof setInterval>) {
     // TODO: use the edge runtime provided `setInterval` instead
-    return setInterval(...args)[Symbol.toPrimitive]()
+    return webSetIntervalPolyfill(...args)
   }
 
   destroy(interval: number) {
@@ -41,13 +41,49 @@ class TimeoutsManager extends ResourceManager<
 > {
   create(args: Parameters<typeof setTimeout>) {
     // TODO: use the edge runtime provided `setTimeout` instead
-    return setTimeout(...args)[Symbol.toPrimitive]()
+    return webSetTimeoutPolyfill(...args)
   }
 
   destroy(timeout: number) {
     clearTimeout(timeout)
   }
 }
 
+function webSetIntervalPolyfill<TArgs extends any[]>(
+  callback: (...args: TArgs) => void,
+  ms?: number,
+  ...args: TArgs
+): number {
+  return setInterval(() => {
+    // node's `setInterval` sets `this` to the `Timeout` instance it returned,
+    // but web `setInterval` always sets `this` to `window`
+    // see: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setInterval#the_this_problem
+    return callback.apply(globalThis, args)
+  }, ms)[Symbol.toPrimitive]()
+}
+
+function webSetTimeoutPolyfill<TArgs extends any[]>(
+  callback: (...args: TArgs) => void,
+  ms?: number,
+  ...args: TArgs
+): number {
+  const wrappedCallback = () => {
+    try {
+      // node's `setTimeout` sets `this` to the `Timeout` instance it returned,
+      // but web `setTimeout` always sets `this` to `window`
+      // see: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setTimeout#the_this_problem
+      return callback.apply(globalThis, args)
+    } finally {
+      // On certain older node versions (<20.16.0, <22.4.0),
+      // a `setTimeout` whose Timeout was converted to a primitive will leak.
+      // See: /~https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/53335
+      // We can work around this by explicitly calling `clearTimeout` after the callback runs.
+      clearTimeout(timeout)
+    }
+  }
+  const timeout = setTimeout(wrappedCallback, ms)
+  return timeout[Symbol.toPrimitive]()
+}
+
 export const intervalsManager = new IntervalsManager()
 export const timeoutsManager = new TimeoutsManager()