Merge branch 'main' into compiler_refactor

.github/workflows/project-updater.yml

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ jobs:
           - { project:  2, label: "release-blocker, deferred-blocker" }
           - { project:  3, label: expert-subinterpreters }
           - { project: 29, label: expert-asyncio }
+          - { project: 32, label: sprint }
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/add-to-project@v0.1.0

Doc/README.rst

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ If you'd like to create the virtual environment in a different location,
 you can specify it using the ``VENVDIR`` variable.
 
 You can also skip creating the virtual environment altogether, in which case
-the Makefile will look for instances of ``sphinxbuild`` and ``blurb``
+the Makefile will look for instances of ``sphinx-build`` and ``blurb``
 installed on your process ``PATH`` (configurable with the ``SPHINXBUILD`` and
 ``BLURB`` variables).
 

Doc/c-api/exceptions.rst

@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ For convenience, some of these functions will always return a
 .. c:function:: PyObject* PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(int ierr)
 
    This is a convenience function to raise :exc:`WindowsError`. If called with
-   *ierr* of :c:data:`0`, the error code returned by a call to :c:func:`GetLastError`
+   *ierr* of ``0``, the error code returned by a call to :c:func:`GetLastError`
    is used instead.  It calls the Win32 function :c:func:`FormatMessage` to retrieve
    the Windows description of error code given by *ierr* or :c:func:`GetLastError`,
    then it constructs a tuple object whose first item is the *ierr* value and whose

Doc/c-api/init_config.rst

@@ -828,6 +828,24 @@ PyConfig
 
       Default: ``0``.
 
+   .. c:member:: int int_max_str_digits
+
+      Configures the :ref:`integer string conversion length limitation
+      <int_max_str_digits>`.  An initial value of ``-1`` means the value will
+      be taken from the command line or environment or otherwise default to
+      4300 (:data:`sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits`).  A value of ``0``
+      disables the limitation.  Values greater than zero but less than 640
+      (:data:`sys.int_info.str_digits_check_threshold`) are unsupported and
+      will produce an error.
+
+      Configured by the :option:`-X int_max_str_digits <-X>` command line
+      flag or the :envvar:`PYTHONINTMAXSTRDIGITS` environment varable.
+
+      Default: ``-1`` in Python mode.  4300
+      (:data:`sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits`) in isolated mode.
+
+      .. versionadded:: 3.12
+
    .. c:member:: int isolated
 
       If greater than ``0``, enable isolated mode:

Doc/conf.py

@@ -249,3 +249,18 @@
 # bpo-40204: Disable warnings on Sphinx 2 syntax of the C domain since the
 # documentation is built with -W (warnings treated as errors).
 c_warn_on_allowed_pre_v3 = False
+
+# Fix '!' not working with C domain when pre_v3 is enabled
+import sphinx
+
+if sphinx.version_info[:2] < (5, 3):
+    from sphinx.domains.c import CXRefRole
+
+    original_run = CXRefRole.run
+
+    def new_run(self):
+        if self.disabled:
+            return super(CXRefRole, self).run()
+        return original_run(self)
+
+    CXRefRole.run = new_run

Doc/faq/programming.rst

@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ Is it possible to write obfuscated one-liners in Python?
 --------------------------------------------------------
 
 Yes.  Usually this is done by nesting :keyword:`lambda` within
-:keyword:`!lambda`.  See the following three examples, due to Ulf Bartelt::
+:keyword:`!lambda`.  See the following three examples, slightly adapted from Ulf Bartelt::
 
    from functools import reduce
 
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ Yes.  Usually this is done by nesting :keyword:`lambda` within
    f(x,f), range(10))))
 
    # Mandelbrot set
-   print((lambda Ru,Ro,Iu,Io,IM,Sx,Sy:reduce(lambda x,y:x+y,map(lambda y,
+   print((lambda Ru,Ro,Iu,Io,IM,Sx,Sy:reduce(lambda x,y:x+'\n'+y,map(lambda y,
    Iu=Iu,Io=Io,Ru=Ru,Ro=Ro,Sy=Sy,L=lambda yc,Iu=Iu,Io=Io,Ru=Ru,Ro=Ro,i=IM,
    Sx=Sx,Sy=Sy:reduce(lambda x,y:x+y,map(lambda x,xc=Ru,yc=yc,Ru=Ru,Ro=Ro,
    i=i,Sx=Sx,F=lambda xc,yc,x,y,k,f=lambda xc,yc,x,y,k,f:(k<=0)or (x*x+y*y

Doc/glossary.rst

@@ -136,10 +136,17 @@ Glossary
       :exc:`StopAsyncIteration` exception.  Introduced by :pep:`492`.
 
    attribute
-      A value associated with an object which is referenced by name using
-      dotted expressions.  For example, if an object *o* has an attribute
+      A value associated with an object which is usually referenced by name
+      using dotted expressions.
+      For example, if an object *o* has an attribute
       *a* it would be referenced as *o.a*.
 
+      It is possible to give an object an attribute whose name is not an
+      identifier as defined by :ref:`identifiers`, for example using
+      :func:`setattr`, if the object allows it.
+      Such an attribute will not be accessible using a dotted expression,
+      and would instead need to be retrieved with :func:`getattr`.
+
    awaitable
       An object that can be used in an :keyword:`await` expression.  Can be
       a :term:`coroutine` or an object with an :meth:`__await__` method.

Doc/howto/logging-cookbook.rst

@@ -3428,6 +3428,82 @@ the above handler, you'd pass structured data using something like this::
     i = 1
     logger.debug('Message %d', i, extra=extra)
 
+How to treat a logger like an output stream
+-------------------------------------------
+
+Sometimes, you need to interface to a third-party API which expects a file-like
+object to write to, but you want to direct the API's output to a logger. You
+can do this using a class which wraps a logger with a file-like API.
+Here's a short script illustrating such a class:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    import logging
+
+    class LoggerWriter:
+        def __init__(self, logger, level):
+            self.logger = logger
+            self.level = level
+
+        def write(self, message):
+            if message != '\n':  # avoid printing bare newlines, if you like
+                self.logger.log(self.level, message)
+
+        def flush(self):
+            # doesn't actually do anything, but might be expected of a file-like
+            # object - so optional depending on your situation
+            pass
+
+        def close(self):
+            # doesn't actually do anything, but might be expected of a file-like
+            # object - so optional depending on your situation. You might want
+            # to set a flag so that later calls to write raise an exception
+            pass
+
+    def main():
+        logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
+        logger = logging.getLogger('demo')
+        info_fp = LoggerWriter(logger, logging.INFO)
+        debug_fp = LoggerWriter(logger, logging.DEBUG)
+        print('An INFO message', file=info_fp)
+        print('A DEBUG message', file=debug_fp)
+
+    if __name__ == "__main__":
+        main()
+
+When this script is run, it prints
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    INFO:demo:An INFO message
+    DEBUG:demo:A DEBUG message
+
+You could also use ``LoggerWriter`` to redirect ``sys.stdout`` and
+``sys.stderr`` by doing something like this:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    import sys
+
+    sys.stdout = LoggerWriter(logger, logging.INFO)
+    sys.stderr = LoggerWriter(logger, logging.WARNING)
+
+You should do this *after* configuring logging for your needs. In the above
+example, the :func:`~logging.basicConfig` call does this (using the
+``sys.stderr`` value *before* it is overwritten by a ``LoggerWriter``
+instance). Then, you'd get this kind of result:
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+    >>> print('Foo')
+    INFO:demo:Foo
+    >>> print('Bar', file=sys.stderr)
+    WARNING:demo:Bar
+    >>>
+
+Of course, these above examples show output according to the format used by
+:func:`~logging.basicConfig`, but you can use a different formatter when you
+configure logging.
 
 .. patterns-to-avoid:
 

Doc/howto/regex.rst

@@ -378,11 +378,7 @@ containing information about the match: where it starts and ends, the substring
 it matched, and more.
 
 You can learn about this by interactively experimenting with the :mod:`re`
-module.  If you have :mod:`tkinter` available, you may also want to look at
-:source:`Tools/demo/redemo.py`, a demonstration program included with the
-Python distribution.  It allows you to enter REs and strings, and displays
-whether the RE matches or fails. :file:`redemo.py` can be quite useful when
-trying to debug a complicated RE.
+module.
 
 This HOWTO uses the standard Python interpreter for its examples. First, run the
 Python interpreter, import the :mod:`re` module, and compile a RE::

Doc/library/ast.rst

@@ -1991,20 +1991,28 @@ and classes for traversing abstract syntax trees:
 
 .. function:: literal_eval(node_or_string)
 
-   Safely evaluate an expression node or a string containing a Python literal or
+   Evaluate an expression node or a string containing only a Python literal or
    container display.  The string or node provided may only consist of the
    following Python literal structures: strings, bytes, numbers, tuples, lists,
    dicts, sets, booleans, ``None`` and ``Ellipsis``.
 
-   This can be used for safely evaluating strings containing Python values from
-   untrusted sources without the need to parse the values oneself.  It is not
-   capable of evaluating arbitrarily complex expressions, for example involving
-   operators or indexing.
+   This can be used for evaluating strings containing Python values without the
+   need to parse the values oneself.  It is not capable of evaluating
+   arbitrarily complex expressions, for example involving operators or
+   indexing.
+
+   This function had been documented as "safe" in the past without defining
+   what that meant. That was misleading. This is specifically designed not to
+   execute Python code, unlike the more general :func:`eval`. There is no
+   namespace, no name lookups, or ability to call out. But it is not free from
+   attack: A relatively small input can lead to memory exhaustion or to C stack
+   exhaustion, crashing the process. There is also the possibility for
+   excessive CPU consumption denial of service on some inputs. Calling it on
+   untrusted data is thus not recommended.
 
    .. warning::
-      It is possible to crash the Python interpreter with a
-      sufficiently large/complex string due to stack depth limitations
-      in Python's AST compiler.
+      It is possible to crash the Python interpreter due to stack depth
+      limitations in Python's AST compiler.
 
       It can raise :exc:`ValueError`, :exc:`TypeError`, :exc:`SyntaxError`,
       :exc:`MemoryError` and :exc:`RecursionError` depending on the malformed

Doc/library/asyncio-eventloop.rst

@@ -1632,9 +1632,12 @@ on Unix and :class:`ProactorEventLoop` on Windows.
       import asyncio
       import selectors
 
-      selector = selectors.SelectSelector()
-      loop = asyncio.SelectorEventLoop(selector)
-      asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
+      class MyPolicy(asyncio.DefaultEventLoopPolicy):
+         def new_event_loop(self):
+            selector = selectors.SelectSelector()
+            return asyncio.SelectorEventLoop(selector)
+
+      asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(MyPolicy())
 
 
    .. availability:: Unix, Windows.

Doc/library/asyncio-future.rst

@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ Future Object
 
    Future is an :term:`awaitable` object.  Coroutines can await on
    Future objects until they either have a result or an exception
-   set, or until they are cancelled.
+   set, or until they are cancelled. A Future can be awaited multiple
+   times and the result is same.
 
    Typically Futures are used to enable low-level
    callback-based code (e.g. in protocols implemented using asyncio