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Lab: Using Advanced Conditionals in Ansible Playbooks

Overview

In this lab, you will deepen your understanding of using advanced conditionals in Ansible playbooks. You will learn to combine multiple conditions with logical operators (and, or, not) and use the | bool filter to evaluate human-readable variables like "yes" or "no."

Objectives

  • Learn how to use advanced conditionals in tasks.
  • Combine multiple conditions with logical operators.
  • Use the | bool filter for evaluating variables.

Prerequisites

  • Basic understanding of Ansible playbooks.
  • Ansible installed on your ansible machine.
  • Access to target hosts in your inventory.

Duration

Estimated Time: 20 minutes

Instructions

Step 1: Set Up the Ansible Playbook

  1. Create a new YAML file named advanced_conditional_playbook.yml.

  2. Define the play's name, target hosts (all in this case), and whether to gather facts:

    ---
- name: A conditional play with advanced logic
  hosts: all
  gather_facts: no

    Explanation:

    • hosts: all targets all hosts in the inventory.
    • gather_facts: no skips automatic fact gathering for simplicity.

Step 2: Define Variables

  1. In the vars section, define the following variables:

      vars:
    epic: true
    boomer: no
    distro: "Ubuntu"

    Explanation:

    • epic is a boolean variable.
    • boomer is a human-readable string evaluated as a boolean using the | bool filter.
    • distro specifies the operating system.

Step 3: Add Conditional Tasks

  1. Under the tasks section, add the following tasks:

    • Task A: Executes if both epic is true and boomer evaluates to true.

        - name: Task A
    debug:
      msg: "Hello A"
    when: epic and boomer | bool

    • Task B: Executes if epic is false and boomer evaluates to false.

        - name: Task B
    debug:
      msg: "Hello B"
    when:
      - not epic
      - not boomer | bool

    • Task C: Executes if either epic is true or the distro is "Ubuntu."

        - name: Task C
    debug:
      msg: "Hello C"
    when: epic or distro == "Ubuntu"

    • Task D: Executes if epic is true and either boomer evaluates to true or the distro is "Ubuntu."

        - name: Task D
    debug:
      msg: "Hello D"
    when:
      - epic
      - boomer | bool or distro == "Ubuntu"

Step 4: Execute the Playbook

  1. Save the advanced_conditional_playbook.yml file.

  2. Run the playbook using the following command:

    ansible-playbook advanced_conditional_playbook.yml

  3. Observe the output. Each task will execute based on the specified conditions.

Conclusion

In this lab, you've learned how to use advanced conditionals in Ansible playbooks by combining logical operators and boolean filters. These techniques allow you to create dynamic, flexible playbooks that respond intelligently to variable values and system states. Experiment with additional conditions to further refine your skills! 👏