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<h2 id="Error-Boundary"><a href="#Error-Boundary" class="headerlink" title="Error Boundary"></a>Error Boundary</h2><p>Error Boundary可以看作是一种特殊的React组件，新增了componentDidCatch这个生命周期函数，它可以捕获自身及子树上的错误并对错误做优雅处理，包括上报错误日志、展示出错提示，而不是卸载整个组件树。（注：它并不能捕获runtime所有的错误，比如组件回调事件里的错误，可以把它想象成传统的try-catch语句）</p>
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<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//最佳实践：将ErrorBoundary抽象为一个公用的组件类</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> React, { Component } <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react'</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">ErrorBoundary</span> <span class="keyword">extends</span> <span class="title">Component</span> </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">constructor</span>(props) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">super</span>(props)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.state = { <span class="attr">hasError</span>: <span class="literal">false</span> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> componentDidCatch(err, info) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.setState({ <span class="attr">hasError</span>: <span class="literal">true</span> })</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//sendErrorReport(err,info)</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> render(){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(<span class="keyword">this</span>.state.hasError){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="xml"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span>></span>Something went wrong!<span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">this</span>.props.children</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 使用方式 包裹容易出错的组件</span></span><br><span class="line">render(){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> (</span><br><span class="line"> <div></span><br><span class="line"> <ErrorBoundary></span><br><span class="line"> <Profile user={<span class="keyword">this</span>.state.user} /></span><br><span class="line"> <<span class="regexp">/ErrorBoundary></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> <button onClick={this.onClick}>Update</</span>button></span><br><span class="line"> <<span class="regexp">/div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> )</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">}</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="render方法新增返回类型"><a href="#render方法新增返回类型" class="headerlink" title="render方法新增返回类型"></a>render方法新增返回类型</h2><p>在React 16中，render方法支持直接返回string，number，boolean，null，portal，以及fragments(带有key属性的数组)，这可以在一定程度上减少页面的DOM层级。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//string</span></span><br><span class="line">render(){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">'hello,world'</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//number</span></span><br><span class="line">render(){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">12345</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//boolean</span></span><br><span class="line">render(){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> isTrue?<span class="literal">true</span>:<span class="literal">false</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//null</span></span><br><span class="line">render(){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">null</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//fragments，未加key标识符，控制台会出现warning</span></span><br><span class="line">render(){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> [</span><br><span class="line"> <div>hello<<span class="regexp">/div>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> <span>world</</span>span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <p>oh<<span class="regexp">/p></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> ]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">}</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>以上各种类型现在均可以直接在render中返回，不需要再在外层包裹一层容器元素，不过在返回的数组类型中，需要在每个元素上加一个唯一且不变的key值，否则控制台会报一个warning。</p>
<h2 id="16-2-增加-Fragment-组件，其作用是将一些子元素添加到-DOM-tree-上且不需要为这些元素提供额外的父节点，相当于-render-返回数组元素"><a href="#16-2-增加-Fragment-组件，其作用是将一些子元素添加到-DOM-tree-上且不需要为这些元素提供额外的父节点，相当于-render-返回数组元素" class="headerlink" title="16.2 增加 Fragment 组件，其作用是将一些子元素添加到 DOM tree 上且不需要为这些元素提供额外的父节点，相当于 render 返回数组元素"></a>16.2 增加 Fragment 组件，其作用是将一些子元素添加到 DOM tree 上且不需要为这些元素提供额外的父节点，相当于 render 返回数组元素</h2><h2 id="增加-React-memo-API，它只能作用在简单的函数组件上，本质是一个高阶函数，可以自动帮助组件执行"><a href="#增加-React-memo-API，它只能作用在简单的函数组件上，本质是一个高阶函数，可以自动帮助组件执行" class="headerlink" title="增加 React.memo() API，它只能作用在简单的函数组件上，本质是一个高阶函数，可以自动帮助组件执行"></a>增加 React.memo() API，它只能作用在简单的函数组件上，本质是一个高阶函数，可以自动帮助组件执行</h2><h2 id="增加-React-lazy-API，它提供了动态-import-组件的能力，实现代码分割"><a href="#增加-React-lazy-API，它提供了动态-import-组件的能力，实现代码分割" class="headerlink" title="增加 React.lazy() API，它提供了动态 import 组件的能力，实现代码分割"></a>增加 React.lazy() API，它提供了动态 import 组件的能力，实现代码分割</h2><h2 id="使用createPortal将组件渲染到当前组件树之外"><a href="#使用createPortal将组件渲染到当前组件树之外" class="headerlink" title="使用createPortal将组件渲染到当前组件树之外"></a>使用createPortal将组件渲染到当前组件树之外</h2><h2 id="支持自定义DOM属性"><a href="#支持自定义DOM属性" class="headerlink" title="支持自定义DOM属性"></a>支持自定义DOM属性</h2><p>在之前的版本中，React会忽略无法识别的HTML和SVG属性，自定义属性只能通过data-*形式添加，现在它会把这些属性直接传递给DOM（这个改动让React可以去掉属性白名单，从而减少了文件大小）。</p>
<h2 id="setState传入null时不会再触发更新"><a href="#setState传入null时不会再触发更新" class="headerlink" title="setState传入null时不会再触发更新"></a>setState传入null时不会再触发更新</h2><h2 id="更好的服务器端渲染"><a href="#更好的服务器端渲染" class="headerlink" title="更好的服务器端渲染"></a>更好的服务器端渲染</h2><p>React 16的SSR被完全重写，新的实现非常快，接近3倍性能于React 15，现在提供一种流模式streaming，可以更快地把渲染的字节发送到客户端。</p>
<h2 id="新的打包策略"><a href="#新的打包策略" class="headerlink" title="新的打包策略"></a>新的打包策略</h2><p>新的打包策略中去掉了process.env检查。
React 16的体积比上个版本减小了32%（30% post-gzip），文件尺寸的减小一部分要归功于打包方法的改变。</p>
<h2 id="React-16采用了新的核心架构React-Fiber。官方解释是“React-Fiber是对核心算法的一次重新实现”"><a href="#React-16采用了新的核心架构React-Fiber。官方解释是“React-Fiber是对核心算法的一次重新实现”" class="headerlink" title="React 16采用了新的核心架构React Fiber。官方解释是“React Fiber是对核心算法的一次重新实现”"></a>React 16采用了新的核心架构React Fiber。官方解释是“React Fiber是对核心算法的一次重新实现”</h2><ul>
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<p><span>文章作者:</span><a href="/" title="访问 陈宇（cosyer） 的个人博客">陈宇（cosyer）</a></p>
<p><span>发布时间:</span>2018年06月11日 - 20:06</p>
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<div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#Error-Boundary"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">Error Boundary</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#render方法新增返回类型"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">render方法新增返回类型</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#16-2-增加-Fragment-组件，其作用是将一些子元素添加到-DOM-tree-上且不需要为这些元素提供额外的父节点，相当于-render-返回数组元素"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">16.2 增加 Fragment 组件，其作用是将一些子元素添加到 DOM tree 上且不需要为这些元素提供额外的父节点，相当于 render 返回数组元素</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#增加-React-memo-API，它只能作用在简单的函数组件上，本质是一个高阶函数，可以自动帮助组件执行"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">增加 React.memo() API，它只能作用在简单的函数组件上，本质是一个高阶函数，可以自动帮助组件执行</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#增加-React-lazy-API，它提供了动态-import-组件的能力，实现代码分割"><span class="nav-number">5.</span> <span class="nav-text">增加 React.lazy() API，它提供了动态 import 组件的能力，实现代码分割</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#使用createPortal将组件渲染到当前组件树之外"><span class="nav-number">6.</span> <span class="nav-text">使用createPortal将组件渲染到当前组件树之外</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#支持自定义DOM属性"><span class="nav-number">7.</span> <span class="nav-text">支持自定义DOM属性</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#setState传入null时不会再触发更新"><span class="nav-number">8.</span> <span class="nav-text">setState传入null时不会再触发更新</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#更好的服务器端渲染"><span class="nav-number">9.</span> <span class="nav-text">更好的服务器端渲染</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#新的打包策略"><span class="nav-number">10.</span> <span class="nav-text">新的打包策略</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#React-16采用了新的核心架构React-Fiber。官方解释是“React-Fiber是对核心算法的一次重新实现”"><span class="nav-number">11.</span> <span class="nav-text">React 16采用了新的核心架构React Fiber。官方解释是“React Fiber是对核心算法的一次重新实现”</span></a></li></ol></div>
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